Laissez-faire economics and the state
Adam Smith and classical liberalism
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The limits of laissez-faire
Government promotion of industrialization
Britain: Infrastructure and reform
Germany: State-directed industrialization
Russia: Witte's state-driven program
Japan: The Meiji government's role
The United States: Mixed approach
The Ottoman Empire and Qing China: Failed modernization
The Ottoman Empire
Qing China
Primary sources
Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations (1776)
Otto von Bismarck, speech on social insurance (1884)
Sergei Witte, Secret Memorandum on Russian Industrialization (1899)
Key figures
Key events summary
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Vocabulary
Unit 5 topics
Unit 5 overview5.10Comparison in the Age of Revolutions5.1The Enlightenment5.2Nationalism and Revolutions in the Period from 1750 to 19005.3Industrial Revolution Begins5.4Industrialization Spreads in the Period from 1750 to 19005.5Technology of the Industrial Age5.6Industrialization: Government's Role from 1750 to 19005.7Economic Developments and Their Social Impact in the Period from 1750 to 19005.8Reactions to the Industrial Economy from 1750 to 19005.9Society and the Industrial Age