2.2

The Mongol Empire and the Making of the Modern World

AP World History: Modern
Portrait of Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire

Caption: A 14th-century portrait of Genghis Khan from a Yuan Dynasty album at the National Palace Museum, Taipei. Despite his fearsome reputation as a conqueror, Genghis Khan also established laws, promoted trade, and practiced religious tolerance.

The rise of Genghis Khan

Mongol military tactics

The Mongol conquests

The four khanates

Mongol governance strategies

Mongol impact on trade

Mongol decline

Primary sources

The Secret History of the Mongols (c. 1240)

William of Rubruck at the Mongol court (1253)

Key figures

Vocabulary