6.7

Mutations

AP Biology

Mutations

Point mutations: single nucleotide changes

Conservative vs non-conservative missense mutations

Frameshift mutations

Comparing mutation severity

Sickle cell disease: the classic AP Biology mutation case study

Heterozygous advantage

Chromosomal mutations

Causes of mutations

Spontaneous mutations

Induced mutations (mutagens)

DNA repair mechanisms

Mutations in different cell types

Mutations and evolution

Biotechnology connections

Vocabulary