Relational operators
Using relational operators
java
int age = 17;
boolean canVote = age >= 18; // canVote = false
boolean isTeenager = age >= 13 && age <= 19; // true (compound boolean — Unit 3)
double gpa = 3.5;
boolean honors = gpa >= 3.7; // honors = false
int x = 10;
int y = 10;
boolean same = x == y; // same = true
boolean different = x != y; // different = false
Boolean variables
java
boolean isRaining = true;
boolean hasMoney = false;
// You can also compute them
int temperature = 85;
boolean isHot = temperature > 80; // isHot = true
// Use directly in output
System.out.println("Is it hot? " + isHot); // "Is it hot? true"
The dangerous == vs =
java
int x = 5;
// COMPARISON (returns true or false)
boolean result = (x == 5); // result = true
// ASSIGNMENT (changes the value of x)
x = 10; // x is now 10
Comparing with doubles — be careful!
java
double a = 0.1 + 0.2;
double b = 0.3;
System.out.println(a == b); // might print false!
Building expressions step by step
java
int x = 7;
int y = 3;
int z = 7;
System.out.println(x == y); // false (7 == 3)
System.out.println(x == z); // true (7 == 7)
System.out.println(x != y); // true (7 != 3)
System.out.println(x > y); // true (7 > 3)
System.out.println(x < y); // false (7 < 3)
System.out.println(x >= z); // true (7 >= 7)
System.out.println(y <= x); // true (3 <= 7)
Boolean expressions in context
java
// In if statements
if (score >= 90) {
System.out.println("A");
}
// In while loops
while (count < 10) {
count++;
}
// In for loops
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(i);
}
AP Exam Tips
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Common Mistakes
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