Unit 8: Ecology

Based on the data, approximately what percentage of the energy available at the producer level is transferred to primary consumers?

Which trophic level has the greatest total energy?

If a pesticide eliminated the secondary consumers from this ecosystem, the most likely short-term effect would be

What is the ratio of energy at the producer level to the tertiary consumer level? Express as a whole number.

In an ecosystem, which of the following organisms is a primary producer?

Which type of ecological relationship is illustrated when a clownfish lives among the tentacles of a sea anemone, benefiting from protection while the anemone benefits from food scraps?

Which biogeochemical cycle does NOT have a significant atmospheric component?

A graph of population growth shows rapid exponential growth followed by a leveling off as the population approaches a stable size. The stable population size that the environment can sustain is called the

Nitrogen fixation is the process by which

During primary succession, which organisms are typically the first to colonize bare rock?

Which of the following best describes density-dependent factors that limit population growth?

During which time period did the Paramecium population exhibit approximately exponential growth?

The leveling off of the population around day 14 is most likely caused by

If the researcher doubled the amount of bacterial food provided, the most likely effect would be

Based on the data, what is the approximate carrying capacity (K) of the Paramecium population in this flask? Express as a whole number.

In a keystone species removal experiment, removing a predatory sea star from a rocky intertidal community resulted in mussels dominating the habitat and reducing species diversity. This demonstrates that

An organism that breaks down dead organic matter and returns nutrients to the soil is classified as a

Which of the following describes an r-selected species?

Based on the data, which type of species interaction is occurring between Species X and Species Y?

The outcome observed when both species are cultured together is best explained by the

If the two Paramecium species were given two different food sources (one bacteria growing on the bottom, another floating on the surface), the most likely outcome would be

The competitive exclusion principle states that

Which of the following correctly describes the carbon cycle?

Secondary succession differs from primary succession because secondary succession

In a lake ecosystem, the introduction of excess phosphorus from agricultural runoff would most likely result in

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a tapeworm living inside the intestine of a dog?

The gross primary productivity (GPP) of an ecosystem minus the energy used by producers for cellular respiration equals

Which biome is characterized by permafrost, extremely cold temperatures, and low biodiversity?

If a producer fixes 10,000 kcal of energy and the transfer efficiency between each trophic level is 10%, how many kcal of energy are available to a tertiary consumer? Express as a whole number.

A population of rabbits has an initial size of 200 individuals. If the per capita birth rate is 0.5 per year and the per capita death rate is 0.2 per year, what is the population size after one year assuming exponential growth? Express as a whole number.

Based on the species diversity data, which plot has the highest species richness?

Although Plot C has the highest species richness, Plot A may be considered more diverse by some indices because

If Plot B experienced a fire that killed 50% of individuals from the two most abundant species but did not affect other species, the evenness index of Plot B would most likely

The biological magnification of DDT in food chains demonstrates that

A food web differs from a food chain because a food web

In an ecosystem, a disease causes the sudden decline of a top predator population. Which of the following is the most likely initial effect on the food web?

Two warbler species feed on insects in spruce trees. Species A feeds near the top of the tree, while Species B feeds near the bottom. When either species is alone, it feeds throughout the tree. This pattern of coexistence is an example of:

In an energy pyramid, producers fix 20,000 kcal of energy. If the ecological efficiency (transfer between trophic levels) is 10%, how many kcal of energy are available to secondary consumers?