Unit 7: Natural Selection

Based on the data, the change in average beak depth between 1976 and 1978 is best explained by

This scenario is best classified as an example of which type of natural selection?

The drastic reduction in population size from 1,200 to 180 birds could also result in

What is the change in average beak depth (in mm) between 1976 and 1978? Express your answer to two decimal places.

Which of the following is required for natural selection to occur?

Homologous structures in different species provide evidence for evolution because they suggest

The wings of a butterfly and the wings of a bird are examples of

A population of moths on an island has two color morphs: light and dark. If a volcanic eruption covers the island's trees in dark ash, which outcome is most likely based on natural selection?

Genetic drift is most likely to significantly affect allele frequencies in

The founder effect is an example of

Which of the following provides the raw material for natural selection?

The results of this experiment best support which of the following conclusions?

When the 5 surviving colonies were transferred to a new antibiotic plate and all grew successfully, this result demonstrates that

Based on this experiment, which of the following practices would most accelerate the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations?

Speciation that occurs when a population is divided by a geographic barrier is called

Which of the following is an example of a prezygotic reproductive barrier?

Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was influenced by the observation that

The evolution of similar body shapes in sharks (fish), dolphins (mammals), and ichthyosaurs (extinct reptiles) is an example of

In a population of 1,000 organisms, 360 show the recessive phenotype. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype? Express as a decimal.

Based on the phylogenetic tree, which two species share the most recent common ancestor?

The cytochrome c sequence data in the table is consistent with the phylogenetic tree because

If a sixth species (F) were discovered with 95% cytochrome c similarity to Species E and 92% similarity to Species D, where would it most likely branch on the tree?

Vestigial structures, such as the human appendix or whale pelvic bones, provide evidence for evolution because they

A population of beetles has two alleles for body color: brown (B) and green (b). In a stable forest, green beetles (bb) are well-camouflaged. If a fire destroys the forest and exposes dark soil, what is the most likely evolutionary outcome?

Which of the following is an example of stabilizing selection?

Which of the following scenarios would violate Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

In a population of lizards, individuals with medium-length tails survive best. Those with very short tails are easily caught by predators, and those with very long tails are slowed by their tails. This pattern of selection will most likely result in

Which of the following best describes biological fitness?

A small group of birds is blown by a storm to an isolated island. Over many generations, the island population develops different traits from the mainland population. This is an example of

Two populations of squirrels are separated by the Grand Canyon. Over time, the populations diverge and can no longer interbreed when brought together. The inability to interbreed is most likely due to the evolution of

Which of the following is the best evidence that all life on Earth shares a common ancestor?

Disruptive selection occurs when

In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the dominant allele (p) is 0.7. What percentage of the population is expected to be homozygous recessive? Express as a whole number.

Two species of flowers are pollinated by the same bee species. Species X blooms in April and Species Y blooms in September. If Species X mutates such that 15% of its population now blooms in September, what percentage of the total Species X population could potentially hybridize with Species Y? Express as a whole number.

Based on the data, which generation showed the largest single-generation increase in average kernel weight?

The decrease in genetic variance and the plateau in kernel weight by generation 20 can best be explained by

This experiment demonstrates a key similarity between artificial and natural selection, which is that both

A population of mice on a volcanic island with dark-colored rock shows an increase in dark fur frequency from 30% to 75% over 50 generations. Which of the following best explains this observation?